> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.fluvion.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.fluvion.io/getting-started/deposits-and-withdrawals.md).

# Deposits & Withdrawals

All collateral on Fluvion is held securely in on-chain smart contract vaults in **USDC**. With built-in multi-chain capabilities, you can deposit and withdraw USDC seamlessly across **Solana** and supported **EVM networks** (**Ethereum**, **Robinhood Chain**).

***

## Deposits

Depositing collateral adds USDC to your unified trading balance, which can then be allocated toward Cross or Isolated margin positions across all 80+ markets.

### Step-by-Step Deposit Flow:

1. Click the **Deposit** button in the navigation header.
2. Select your origin network:
   * **Solana**: Deposit native Solana SPL-USDC.
   * **EVM Networks (Ethereum, Robinhood)**: Deposit native ERC-20 USDC directly.
   * **Email Wallet Users**: Transfer USDC into your embedded wallet address or fund via supported on-ramps.
3. Enter the amount to deposit. You can use percentage buttons (`25%`, `50%`, `75%`, `Max`).
4. Click **Confirm Deposit**.
5. Approve the transaction in your connected wallet.

### Deposit Confirmation & Latency

* **Solana**: Confirms within **400ms to 1.5 seconds** (gas: `< 0.0005 SOL`).
* **Robinhood Chain**: Confirms within **1 to 2 seconds** (fast L2 execution with minimal gas).
* **Ethereum Mainnet**: Confirms within standard block times (12–15 seconds).
* Once the vault emits the deposit event, your account's **Free Collateral** updates automatically in real time with zero platform deposit fees.

***

## Withdrawals

You can withdraw your settled USDC from the Fluvion smart contract vault back to your personal wallet (Solana or EVM) at any time.

### Step-by-Step Withdrawal Flow:

1. Click the **Withdraw** button in the header or inside the **Account Overview** panel.
2. The modal will display your **Withdrawable Balance**.
3. Select your destination network and enter the desired withdrawal amount.
4. Click **Confirm Withdrawal**.
5. Approve the transaction in your wallet.
6. The funds will be transferred directly to your designated destination address.

***

## Understanding Withdrawable Balance

> \[!IMPORTANT] **Withdrawable Balance does not equal Free Collateral or Total Account Equity.**

To preserve platform solvency and protect open positions, your withdrawable balance is calculated conservatively:

```
Withdrawable Balance = Total Balance - Total Initial Margin with Orders - Positive Unrealized PnL
```

### Why Positive Unrealized PnL is Excluded from Instant Withdrawal:

* **Unrealized profit (uPnL)** represents floating gains on positions that are still open. Because market prices can reverse before a trade is closed, you cannot withdraw floating profits until the position is closed or settled into your realized USDC balance.
* Once you close a winning position (or a portion of it), the profit is realized, immediately credited to your actual `Total Balance`, and becomes fully withdrawable.

### Numerical Examples

#### Scenario A: Unrealized Loss

* **Total Balance**: `100 USDC`
* **Unrealized PnL**: `-30 USDC`
* **Total Collateral**: `70 USDC`
* **Initial Margin Used by Open Position**: `20 USDC`
* **Withdrawable Balance**: 70 - 20 = **50 USDC**

#### Scenario B: Unrealized Profit

* **Total Balance**: `100 USDC`
* **Unrealized PnL**: `+40 USDC`
* **Total Collateral**: `140 USDC`
* **Initial Margin Used by Open Position**: `20 USDC`
* **Free Collateral for Trading**: 140 - 20 = **120 USDC** *(You can use floating profit as margin to open new trades!)*
* **Withdrawable Balance to External Wallet**: 100 - 20 = **80 USDC** *(Only settled balance minus margin is withdrawable)*

***

## Withdrawal Safety Rules

1. **Margin Ratio Safeguard**: A withdrawal will be rejected if processing it would cause your Account Margin Ratio to drop below the Initial Margin Ratio (IMR) required by your open positions.
2. **Open Limit Orders**: If you have active resting limit orders, the collateral reserved for those orders cannot be withdrawn unless you cancel the pending orders first.
3. **No Lockup Periods**: There are no artificial lockup periods, unbonding times, or cool-down delays on Fluvion. Settled funds can be withdrawn 24/7/365.


---

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